THE SCIENCE OF INFRARED SAUNA

At GOAT Wellness, our Clearlight full-spectrum infrared sauna is built on a simple principle: controlled heat stress triggers powerful biological adaptations. When infrared wavelengths penetrate tissue, they initiate measurable changes in circulation, cellular function, metabolism, and stress-response pathways — all without the extreme heat of a traditional sauna.
Below is a breakdown of what’s actually happening inside your body when you step into an infrared sauna.

What Infrared Light
Does Inside the Body

Near-Infrared (NIR) → Deepest penetration
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Wavelength: 0.7–1.4 μm
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Penetrates several centimeters into soft tissue
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Reaches muscle, fascia, even superficial vasculature
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Used in medical therapies (photobiomodulation, wound healing)
Mid-Infrared (MIR) → Moderate penetration
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Wavelength: 1.4–3 μm
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Mostly absorbed by water in the skin
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Penetrates millimeters, reaching dermis & upper hypodermis
Far-Infrared (FIR) → Shallowest penetration
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Wavelength: 3–1000 μm
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Extremely surface-level
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Absorbed strongly by water molecules in the epidermis
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Does not enter deep tissues
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Benefits come from thermal heating of the skin surface, not deep penetration
Infrared light isn’t just “heat.”
It’s a targeted form of electromagnetic energy with measurable biological effects. Each infrared wavelength interacts with human tissue differently—absorbing into the skin, stimulating cellular activity, and influencing circulation or thermal response depending on its depth of penetration.
Infrared isn’t a general warmth blanket; it’s a predictable, scientifically measurable stimulus that produces specific physiological reactions in the body:

Cellular & Physiological Mechanisms of Infrared Sauna
1. Increased Core Temperature → Controlled Heat Stress Response
When tissues absorb infrared waves, internal temperature begins to rise. This “heat stress” activates a cascade of adaptations similar to moderate exercise, including:
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Elevated heart rate
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Increased blood vessel dilation
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Higher cardiac output
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Redistribution of blood toward the skin for cooling
The entire process is your body’s attempt to maintain homeostasis — and the adaptations lead directly to improved function over time.
2. Heat Shock Proteins (HSPs): Cellular Defense & Repair
One of the most important effects of sauna use is the activation of heat shock proteins (HSPs).
These proteins:
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Stabilize damaged or misfolded proteins
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Enhance cellular repair
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Protect cells from oxidative stress
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Improve mitochondrial resilience
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Help regulate inflammation pathways
HSP activation is one of the primary reasons sauna use is linked to improved stress tolerance, recovery, and longevity pathways.
3. Mitochondrial Efficiency & Energy Production
Some research suggests infrared wavelengths — especially near infrared — may interact with cytochrome c oxidase, a key enzyme in the mitochondrial electron transport chain.
Potential outcomes include:
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Improved mitochondrial efficiency
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Increased ATP (cellular energy) production
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Enhanced cellular resilience
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More efficient metabolic function
Practically speaking, this is why many clients report feeling “energized but calm” after consistent sauna use.
4. Vascular Adaptations & Circulation
Infrared heat creates active vasodilation, increasing blood flow through both macro- and microcirculation. When repeated over time, the body develops:
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Improved endothelial function
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More efficient nutrient and oxygen delivery to tissues
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Better removal of metabolic waste
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Enhanced tissue healing environment
This is why sauna is helpful after tough workouts, heavy lifting, and long sedentary periods.
5. Autonomic Nervous System Reset
Infrared heat influences the balance between the sympathetic (“fight or flight”) and parasympathetic (“rest and digest”) systems.
Here’s what happens:
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As heat rises, the sympathetic system briefly activates
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After a few minutes, parasympathetic activity increases
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Heart rate variability often improves
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Stress hormones decrease
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The nervous system shifts toward relaxation and recovery
This biphasic response is why sauna users often get a “relaxed but recharged” feeling afterward.
6. Hormonal & Metabolic Changes
Regular infrared sauna use has been associated with changes in several metabolic and hormonal pathways:
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Lower fasting glucose in certain populations
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Improved insulin sensitivity
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Temporary increase in growth hormone levels
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Support for metabolic flexibility through heat-induced stress
None of these effects replace exercise or nutrition, but they complement metabolic health strategies.
7. Sweating, Fluid Balance & Skin Physiology
Heat stress increases sweat gland activity, which:
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Helps regulate internal temperature
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Improves skin blood flow
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Supports temporary fluid offloading
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Assists the lymphatic system by encouraging fluid movement
This is why many clients feel “lighter,” “less inflamed,” or “less puffy” after a session — it’s fluid and circulatory physiology, not detox marketing fluff.

What Current Clinical
Research Suggests
Cardiovascular Function
Studies on infrared sauna (especially FIR) have shown:
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Improved endothelial function
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Reduced arterial stiffness
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Mild reductions in blood pressure with consistent use
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Increased circulation comparable to low-intensity aerobic exercise
This is particularly helpful for individuals who cannot tolerate high-intensity exercise.
Recovery & Exercise Performance
Infrared heat may:
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Reduce delayed-onset muscle soreness (DOMS)
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Support faster neuromuscular recovery
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Improve joint mobility
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Ease high-volume training fatigue
When paired with smart training, sauna becomes a performance recovery tool, not just relaxation.
Chronic Pain & Inflammation Modulation
Some research indicates benefits for:
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Generalized muscle tightness
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Non-specific joint stiffness
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Chronic pain conditions
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Systemic inflammatory markers (modest improvements)
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Post-exercise inflammation regulation
The mechanism is partly circulatory, partly neurological, and partly heat shock protein mediated.
Mental Health & Cognitive Benefits
Heat exposure has been studied for its potential to:
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Improve perceived stress
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Support sleep quality
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Influence neurotransmitter systems (endorphins, norepinephrine)
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Enhance mood and relaxation
The “calming clarity” many people notice is a mix of nervous system downshifting and improved cerebral blood flow.

Clearlight’s full-spectrum infrared delivers:
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True NIR, MIR, and FIR wavelengths
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More even tissue penetration
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Clinical-grade heating panels
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Lower EMF/ELF exposure
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More stable temperature-controlled sessions
This creates consistent physiological stimuli, which is essential for measurable results over time.
Home or portable infrared devices do not replicate this effect — they do not raise core temperature the same way, often fail to deliver true NIR/MIR/FIR wavelengths, and usually lack sufficient wattage or coverage.
Why Clearlight Matters
(Full-Spectrum vs. Basic FIR Units)
How Your Body Adapts Over Time
(The Real Benefit)
Consistent infrared sauna use trains the body to become more efficient at:
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Managing heat stress
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Improving circulation
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Enhancing cellular repair processes
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Balancing the nervous system
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Supporting metabolic and cardiovascular health
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Recovering from exercise
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Responding to daily stressors
The goal isn’t the sweat — it’s the adaptation.

Ready to Experience Infrared Science — Not Sauna Hype?
GOAT Wellness uses medical-grade Clearlight infrared technology to help Chicago recover harder, perform better, and feel better — whether you’re training, working long hours, or managing modern-day stress.
Book your infrared sauna session and feel the difference that cellular-level heat therapy makes.
